Reorganisation of improved wall functions

Instead of calculating pressure gradient and convection terms in each
wall function (for each patch), function objects pressureGradient and
velocityConvection will update them and register them in the database and we
only fetch the data when updating wall functions.

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/Make/files

@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ $(kqRWallFunctions)/kNonEqWallFunction/kNonEqWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C
 RWallFunctions = $(wallFunctions)/RWallFunctions
 $(RWallFunctions)/RWallFunction/RWallFunctionFvPatchSymmTensorField.C
 
+wallFunctionFunctionObjects = $(wallFunctions)/functionObjects
+$(wallFunctionFunctionObjects)/pressureGradient/pressureGradientFunctionObject.C
+$(wallFunctionFunctionObjects)/velocityConvection/velocityConvectionFunctionObject.C
 
 /* Patch fields */
 derivedFvPatchFields/turbulentHeatFluxTemperature/turbulentHeatFluxTemperatureFvPatchScalarField.C

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/functionObjects/pressureGradient/pressureGradientFunctionObject.C

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright held by original author
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Author
+    Vuko Vukcevic, Wikki Ltd.  All rights reserved
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "pressureGradientFunctionObject.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvcGrad.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(pressureGradientFunctionObject, 0);
+
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+    (
+        functionObject,
+        pressureGradientFunctionObject,
+        dictionary
+    );
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::pressureGradientFunctionObject::pressureGradientFunctionObject
+(
+    const word& name,
+    const Time& t,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    functionObject(name),
+    name_(name),
+    time_(t),
+    regionName_(dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("region", polyMesh::defaultRegion)),
+    pName_(dict.lookup("pName")),
+    gradp_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "pressureGradient",
+            time_.timeName(),
+            time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_),
+        // Note: dimensions reset in the constructor body
+        dimensionedVector("zero", dimless, vector::zero)
+    )
+{
+    Info<< "Creating pressureGradientFunctionObject for "
+        << pName_ << " field." << endl;
+
+    // Reset dimensions
+    const fvMesh& mesh = time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_);
+
+    if (mesh.foundObject<volScalarField>(pName_))
+    {
+        // Found pressure, reset dimensions for pressure gradient
+        const volScalarField& p =
+            mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>(pName_);
+
+        gradp_.dimensions().reset(p.dimensions()/dimLength);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        WarningIn
+        (
+            "pressureGradientFunctionObject::"
+            "pressureGradientFunctionObject"
+            "\n("
+            "\n    const word& name,"
+            "\n    const Time& t,"
+            "\n    const dictionary& dict"
+            "\n)"
+        )   << "Could not find " << pName_ << " field."
+            << " Possible dimensions mismatch."
+            << endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+bool Foam::pressureGradientFunctionObject::start()
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::pressureGradientFunctionObject::execute()
+{
+    const fvMesh& mesh =
+        time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_);
+
+    if (mesh.foundObject<volScalarField>(pName_))
+    {
+        const volScalarField& p =
+            mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>(pName_);
+
+        gradp_ = fvc::grad(p);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        InfoIn("bool pressureGradientFunctionObject::execute()")
+            << "Field " << pName_ << " not found.  Returning."
+            << endl;
+
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::pressureGradientFunctionObject::read(const dictionary& dict)
+{
+    pName_ = word(dict.lookup("pName"));
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/functionObjects/pressureGradient/pressureGradientFunctionObject.H

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright held by original author
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    pressureGradientFunctionObject
+
+Description
+    FunctionObject that calculates the pressure gradient given a name for the
+    pressure field and registers it into the database. Useful for pressure
+    sensitised wall functions (see omega/nutCWT/MEWT wall functions).
+
+Author
+    Vuko Vukcevic, Wikki Ltd.  All rights reserved
+
+SourceFiles
+    pressureGradientFunctionObject.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef pressureGradientFunctionObject_H
+#define pressureGradientFunctionObject_H
+
+#include "functionObject.H"
+#include "dictionary.H"
+#include "fvMesh.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                 Class pressureGradientFunctionObject Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class pressureGradientFunctionObject
+:
+    public functionObject
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Name
+        const word name_;
+
+        //- Reference to main object registry
+        const Time& time_;
+
+        //- Region name
+        word regionName_;
+
+        //- Name of the pressure field
+        word pName_;
+
+        //- Pressure gradient field
+        volVectorField gradp_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        pressureGradientFunctionObject
+        (
+            const pressureGradientFunctionObject&
+        );
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const pressureGradientFunctionObject&);
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("pressureGradient");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        pressureGradientFunctionObject
+        (
+            const word& name,
+            const Time&,
+            const dictionary&
+        );
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- start is called at the start of the time-loop
+        virtual bool start();
+
+        //- execute is called at each ++ or += of the time-loop
+        virtual bool execute();
+
+        //- Read and set the function object if its data has changed
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/functionObjects/velocityConvection/velocityConvectionFunctionObject.C

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright held by original author
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Author
+    Vuko Vukcevic, Wikki Ltd.  All rights reserved
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "velocityConvectionFunctionObject.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvcDiv.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(velocityConvectionFunctionObject, 0);
+
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+    (
+        functionObject,
+        velocityConvectionFunctionObject,
+        dictionary
+    );
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::velocityConvectionFunctionObject::velocityConvectionFunctionObject
+(
+    const word& name,
+    const Time& t,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    functionObject(name),
+    name_(name),
+    time_(t),
+    regionName_(dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("region", polyMesh::defaultRegion)),
+    UName_(dict.lookup("UName")),
+    phiName_(dict.lookup("phiName")),
+    convection_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "velocityConvection",
+            time_.timeName(),
+            time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_),
+        // Note: dimensions will be overwritten on start
+        dimensionedVector("zero", dimless, vector::zero)
+    )
+{
+    Info<< "Creating velocityConvectionFunctionObject for "
+        << UName_ << " and " << phiName_ << " field." << endl;
+
+    // Reset dimensions
+    const fvMesh& mesh = time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_);
+
+    if
+    (
+        mesh.foundObject<volVectorField>(UName_)
+     && mesh.foundObject<surfaceScalarField>(phiName_)
+    )
+    {
+        // Found velocity and flux, reset dimensions for convection
+        const volVectorField& U =
+            mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>(UName_);
+
+        const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+            mesh.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>(phiName_);
+
+        convection_.dimensions().reset
+        (
+            phi.dimensions()*U.dimensions()/dimArea/dimLength
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        WarningIn
+        (
+            "velocityConvectionFunctionObject::"
+            "velocityConvectionFunctionObject"
+            "\n("
+            "\n    const word& name,"
+            "\n    const Time& t,"
+            "\n    const dictionary& dict"
+            "\n)"
+        )   << "Could not find " << UName_ << " and " << phiName_
+            << " fields. Possible dimensions mismatch."
+            << endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+bool Foam::velocityConvectionFunctionObject::start()
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::velocityConvectionFunctionObject::execute()
+{
+    const fvMesh& mesh = time_.lookupObject<fvMesh>(regionName_);
+
+    if
+    (
+        mesh.foundObject<volVectorField>(UName_)
+     && mesh.foundObject<surfaceScalarField>(phiName_)
+    )
+    {
+        // Found velocity and flux, reset dimensions for convection
+        const volVectorField& U =
+            mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>(UName_);
+
+        const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+            mesh.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>(phiName_);
+
+        convection_ = fvc::div(phi, U);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        InfoIn("bool velocityConvectionFunctionObject::execute()")
+            << "Field " << UName_ << " or " << phiName_ << " not found."
+            << " Returning."
+            << endl;
+
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::velocityConvectionFunctionObject::read(const dictionary& dict)
+{
+    UName_ = word(dict.lookup("UName"));
+    phiName_ = word(dict.lookup("phiName"));
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/functionObjects/velocityConvection/velocityConvectionFunctionObject.H

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright held by original author
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    velocityConvectionFunctionObject
+
+Description
+    FunctionObject that calculates the velocity convection given names for the
+    velocity field and the flux field and registers it into the database. Useful
+    for convection sensitised wall functions (see omega/nutCWT/MEWT wall
+    functions).
+
+Author
+    Vuko Vukcevic, Wikki Ltd.  All rights reserved
+
+SourceFiles
+    velocityConvectionFunctionObject.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef velocityConvectionFunctionObject_H
+#define velocityConvectionFunctionObject_H
+
+#include "functionObject.H"
+#include "dictionary.H"
+#include "fvMesh.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                 Class velocityConvectionFunctionObject Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class velocityConvectionFunctionObject
+:
+    public functionObject
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Name
+        const word name_;
+
+        //- Reference to main object registry
+        const Time& time_;
+
+        //- Region name
+        word regionName_;
+
+        //- Name of the velocity field
+        word UName_;
+
+        //- Name of the flux field
+        word phiName_;
+
+        //- Convection field
+        volVectorField convection_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        velocityConvectionFunctionObject
+        (
+            const velocityConvectionFunctionObject&
+        );
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const velocityConvectionFunctionObject&);
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("velocityConvection");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        velocityConvectionFunctionObject
+        (
+            const word& name,
+            const Time&,
+            const dictionary&
+        );
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- start is called at the start of the time-loop
+        virtual bool start();
+
+        //- execute is called at each ++ or += of the time-loop
+        virtual bool execute();
+
+        //- Read and set the function object if its data has changed
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/nutWallFunctions/nutCWTWallFunction/nutCWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

@@ -98,53 +98,79 @@ tmp<scalarField> nutCWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::calcNut() const
     const scalarField magUwInTang = mag(UwInTang);
 
     // Calculate tangential direction for patch cells
-    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/magUwInTang;
+    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/(magUwInTang + SMALL);
 
     // Wall-velocity vector field tangential to the wall
     const vectorField UwTang = Uw - (Uw & n)*n;
     const scalarField magUwTang = mag(UwTang);
 
 
-    // Pressure terms
+    // Pressure effects. Lookup the pressure gradient field from the registry
-    const volScalarField& p =
+    // (created with pressureGradient function object)
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
-        <
-            volScalarField
-        >(pName_);
 
-    // Pressure gradient
+    // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
-    const volVectorField gradp = fvc::grad(p);
+    scalarField gradpTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
 
-    // Pressure gradient in wall adjacent cell
+    if
-    const vectorField gradPIn =
+    (
-        gradp.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
-
-    // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
-    const scalarField gradpTang= gradPIn & tDir;
-
-
-    // Convective terms
-    const volVectorField& U =
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
         <
             volVectorField
-        >(UName_);
+        >("pressureGradient")
-
+    )
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+    {
+        const volVectorField& gradP =
             this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("pressureGradient");
+
+        // Update pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        gradpTang =
+            gradP.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field pressureGradient not found. Neglecting pressure gradient "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // Convective terms. Lookup the convection field from the registry (created
+    // with velocityConvection function object)
+
+    // Velocity convection projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
+    scalarField convectionTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
+
+    if
+    (
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
         <
-            surfaceScalarField
+            volVectorField
-        >("phi");
+        >("velocityConvection")
+    )
+    {
+        const volVectorField& convection =
+            this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("velocityConvection");
 
-    const volVectorField convection = fvc::div(phi, U);
+        // Upate convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        convectionTang =
+            convection.boundaryField()
+            [
+                this->patch().index()
+            ].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field velocityConvection not found. Neglecting convection "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
 
-    const vectorField convectionIn =
-        convection.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
 
-    // Convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
+    tmp<scalarField> tnutw(new scalarField(patch().size(), SMALL));
-    const scalarField convectionTang = convectionIn & tDir;
-
-    tmp<scalarField> tnutw(new scalarField(patch().size()));
     scalarField& nutw = tnutw();
 
     // Get face cells
@@ -171,7 +197,7 @@ tmp<scalarField> nutCWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::calcNut() const
         const scalar gamma = -0.01*pow(yPlus, 4)/(1.0 + 5.0*yPlus);
         const scalar tauw = tauwVis*exp(gamma) + tauwLog*exp(1.0/gamma);
 
-        nutw[faceI] = tauw/magGradUw[faceI] - nuw[faceI];
+        nutw[faceI] = tauw/(magGradUw[faceI] + SMALL) - nuw[faceI];
     }
 
     return tnutw;

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/nutWallFunctions/nutMEWTWallFunction/nutMEWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

@@ -109,51 +109,76 @@ tmp<scalarField> nutMEWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::calcNut() const
     const scalarField magUwInTang = mag(UwInTang);
 
     // Calculate tangential direction for patch cells
-    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/magUwInTang;
+    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/(magUwInTang + SMALL);
 
     // Wall-velocity vector field tangential to the wall
     const vectorField UwTang = Uw - (Uw & n)*n;
     const scalarField magUwTang = mag(UwTang);
 
 
-    // Pressure terms
+    // Pressure effects. Lookup the pressure gradient field from the registry
-    const volScalarField& p =
+    // (created with pressureGradient function object)
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
-        <
-            volScalarField
-        >(pName_);
 
-    // Pressure gradient
+    // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
-    const volVectorField gradp = fvc::grad(p);
+    scalarField gradpTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
 
-    // Pressure gradient in wall adjacent cell
+    if
-    const vectorField gradPIn =
+    (
-        gradp.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
-
-    // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
-    const scalarField gradpTang= gradPIn & tDir;
-
-
-    // Convective terms
-    const volVectorField& U =
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
         <
             volVectorField
-        >(UName_);
+        >("pressureGradient")
-
+    )
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+    {
+        const volVectorField& gradP =
             this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("pressureGradient");
+
+        // Update pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        gradpTang =
+            gradP.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field pressureGradient not found. Neglecting pressure gradient "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // Convective terms. Lookup the convection field from the registry (created
+    // with velocityConvection function object)
+
+    // Velocity convection projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
+    scalarField convectionTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
+
+    if
+    (
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
         <
-            surfaceScalarField
+            volVectorField
-        >("phi");
+        >("velocityConvection")
+    )
+    {
+        const volVectorField& convection =
+            this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("velocityConvection");
 
-    const volVectorField convection = fvc::div(phi, U);
+        // Upate convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
-
+        convectionTang =
-    const vectorField convectionIn =
+            convection.boundaryField()
-        convection.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
+            [
-
+                this->patch().index()
-    // Convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
+            ].patchInternalField()
-    const scalarField convectionTang = convectionIn & tDir;
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field velocityConvection not found. Neglecting convection "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
 
     // Needed to calculate yPlus
     const scalarField& eddyVis =

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/omegaWallFunctions/omegaCWTWallFunction/omegaCWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

@@ -227,48 +227,76 @@ void omegaCWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs()
     const scalarField magUwInTang = mag(UwInTang);
 
     // Calculate tangential direction for patch cells
-    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/magUwInTang;
+    const vectorField tDir = UwInTang/(magUwInTang + SMALL);
 
     // Magnitude of the surface normal gradient velocity
     const scalarField magGradUw = mag(Uw.snGrad());
 
 
-    // Pressure effects
+    // Pressure effects. Lookup the pressure gradient field from the registry
-    const volScalarField& p =
+    // (created with pressureGradient function object)
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
-        <volScalarField>(pName_);
-
-    // Pressure gradient
-    const volVectorField gradp = fvc::grad(p);
-
-    // Pressure gradient in wall adjacent cell
-    const vectorField gradPIn =
-        gradp.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
 
     // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
-    const scalarField gradpTang= gradPIn & tDir;
+    scalarField gradpTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
 
-
+    if
-    // Convective terms
+    (
-    const volVectorField& U =
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
         <
             volVectorField
-        >(UName_);
+        >("pressureGradient")
-
+    )
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+    {
+        const volVectorField& gradP =
             this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("pressureGradient");
+
+        // Update pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        gradpTang =
+            gradP.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field pressureGradient not found. Neglecting pressure gradient "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // Convective terms. Lookup the convection field from the registry (created
+    // with velocityConvection function object)
+
+    // Velocity convection projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
+    scalarField convectionTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
+
+    if
+    (
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
         <
-            surfaceScalarField
+            volVectorField
-        >("phi");
+        >("velocityConvection")
+    )
+    {
+        const volVectorField& convection =
+            this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("velocityConvection");
 
-    const volVectorField convection = fvc::div(phi, U);
+        // Upate convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        convectionTang =
+            convection.boundaryField()
+            [
+                this->patch().index()
+            ].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field velocityConvection not found. Neglecting convection "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
 
-    const vectorField convectionIn =
-        convection.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
-
-    // Convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
-    const scalarField convectionTang = convectionIn & tDir;
 
     // Get face cells
     const unallocLabelList& fc = patch().faceCells();

src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/derivedFvPatchFields/wallFunctions/omegaWallFunctions/omegaMEWTWallFunction/omegaMEWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

@@ -229,42 +229,70 @@ void omegaMEWTWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs()
     const scalarField magGradUw = mag(Uw.snGrad());
 
 
-    // Pressure effects
+    // Pressure effects. Lookup the pressure gradient field from the registry
-    const volScalarField& p =
+    // (created with pressureGradient function object)
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
-        <volScalarField>(pName_);
-
-    // Pressure gradient
-    const volVectorField gradp = fvc::grad(p);
-
-    // Pressure gradient in wall adjacent cell
-    const vectorField gradPIn =
-        gradp.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
 
     // Pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
-    const scalarField gradpTang= gradPIn & tDir;
+    scalarField gradpTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
 
-
+    if
-    // Convective terms
+    (
-    const volVectorField& U =
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
-        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
         <
             volVectorField
-        >(UName_);
+        >("pressureGradient")
-
+    )
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi =
+    {
+        const volVectorField& gradP =
             this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("pressureGradient");
+
+        // Update pressure gradient projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        gradpTang =
+            gradP.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field pressureGradient not found. Neglecting pressure gradient "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // Convective terms. Lookup the convection field from the registry (created
+    // with velocityConvection function object)
+
+    // Velocity convection projected on the wall parallel velocity direction
+    scalarField convectionTang(magGradUw.size(), 0.0);
+
+    if
+    (
+        this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().foundObject
         <
-            surfaceScalarField
+            volVectorField
-        >("phi");
+        >("velocityConvection")
+    )
+    {
+        const volVectorField& convection =
+            this->dimensionedInternalField().mesh().lookupObject
+            <volVectorField>("velocityConvection");
 
-    const volVectorField convection = fvc::div(phi, U);
+        // Upate convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
+        convectionTang =
+            convection.boundaryField()
+            [
+                this->patch().index()
+            ].patchInternalField()
+          & tDir;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Info<< "Field velocityConvection not found. Neglecting convection "
+            << "effects for wall functions at patch: " << patch().name()
+            << endl;
+    }
 
-    const vectorField convectionIn =
-        convection.boundaryField()[this->patch().index()].patchInternalField();
-
-    // Convection term projected on the wall parallel velocity
-    const scalarField convectionTang = convectionIn & tDir;
 
     // Get face cells
     const unallocLabelList& fc = patch().faceCells();